自闭症教育基础用语百科辞典

目　　录

001中文版序言

001序言

A

003ABC分析（行为分析学）／ABCDEH分析ABC analysis／ABCDEH analysis

004接受性沟通疗法acceptive exchanging therapy

005ADL（日常生活活动能力）Activities of Daily Life

007以保育活动为基础的干预（ABI）ActivityBased Intervention

008发育障碍者支持法Act on Support for Person with Developmental Disabilities

009智力障碍者福利法Act on Welfare of Mentally Retarded Persons

010障碍者福利法Act on Welfare of Physical Handicapped

011攻击性行为aggressive behavior

012替换实验处理设计alternatingtreatments design

013美国智力落后协会AAIDDAmerican Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

014抗抑郁药antidepressants

015抗癫痫药antiepileptic drugs

016应用行为分析applied behavior analysis

017阿斯伯格Asperger Hans

018阿斯伯格障碍Aspergers disorder

019评估assessment

021ADHD（注意缺陷多动障碍/注意欠缺、多动性障碍）attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder

023扩大替代性沟通系统（AAC）augmentative alternative communication

024自闭症诊断访谈量表修订版（ADIR）Autism Diagnostic InterviewRevised

025自闭症诊断观察量表（ADOS）Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule

026日本自闭症协会Autism Society Japan

027自闭症autistic disorder

B

033西蒙·巴隆柯恩BaronCohen， Simon

034认知行为疗法behavioral and cognitive therapies

035行为连锁法behavioral chaining

036行为的流畅性训练behavioral fluency training

037脱离、逃逸行为behavior of breaking and escaping

038行为疗法behavior therapy

039布鲁诺·贝特尔海姆Bettelheim， Brun

040比奈智力测验Binet Intelligence Test

042柯斯积木图案测验Block Design Test

043自下而上法（微观法或倒推法）bottomup approach

044积木模式Building Blocks model

045伯尔赫斯·弗雷德里克·斯金纳Burrhus Frederic Skinner

C

049学校心理师certified school psychologist

050社会福利员（注册社工）certified social worker

051挑战性行为challenging behavior

052逐变标准设计changing criterion design

053CLAC（自闭症儿童行为评量表）Check List for Autistic Child

054儿童自闭症评定量表（CARS）Child Autism Rating Scale

055临床发育心理师clinical developmental psychologist

056临床心理师clinical psychologist

057认知信息加工模型cognitive informationprocessing model

058升学指导委员会committee of directing for entering school

059基数的理解comprehension of cardinal number

060结果（后果）consequence

061咨询服务consultation

062关联性锻炼contingent exercise

063惩罚控制control by punishment

064特别支援教育协作委员会

cooperation committee of special needs education

065升学咨询Counseling for starting school

066起重机（吊车）现象crane phenomenon

D

071障碍儿童日托中心daycare center for children with disabilities

072智障儿童日托中心daycare center for children with intellectual disabilities

073演绎推理deductive reasoning

074ABCD设计design of additional conditions

075发育障碍developmental disorder

076发育测验developmental test

077DSMⅣDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th ed.

079差别强化differential reinforcement

080替代行为的差别强化differential reinforcement of alternative behavior： DRA

081俗语、比喻、谚语的理解困难difficulty in understanding of common expression， analogy and proverb

082障碍基本养老金disability basic pension

83分解式操作教学法（回合式操作教学法）discrete trial training： DTT

084辨别刺激discriminative stimulus

085身心障碍disorder of psychological ＆ physical functioning

086分心（随境转移）distractibility

087动作法dohsahou／dohsamethod

088交融动作法dohsamethod with melting sense

089多巴胺dopamine

090古迪纳夫绘人测验（DAM）Drawaman Test

091药物治疗drug therapy

092书写困难dysgraphia

093阅读障碍dyslexia

E

097学前融合教育early childhood inclusion

098早期密集行为干预early intensive behavioral intervention

099进食障碍eating disorders

100仿说（回复音）echolalia

101生态学评估ecological assessment

102特别支援教育（特殊教育）education with special support

103脑电图/神经影像学检查/近红外光谱electroencephalogram/neuroimaging tests/nearinfrared spectroscopy

105障碍者就业制度（雇佣制度）employment rate

106史考布勒Eric Schopler

107已形成事件establishing operation

108特例子公司exception subsidiary company

109表达性语言障碍expressive language disorders

110目光对视eyecontact

F

115错误信念任务false belief task

116暴露法flooding/exposure

117强迫反复法forced repetition method

118洛娜温的四个分类型four subtype of Wing

119分数fractions

120脆性X染色体综合征fragile X syndrome

121自由操作法freeoperant method

122功能性评估functional assessment

123功能性沟通训练functional communication training： FCT

G

127抽动秽语综合征Gilles de la Tourette syndrome

128格罗斯曼的精神发育迟缓定义Grossman Definition of Mental Retardation

129障碍者之家、老人之家/养护院group home／care home

130团队关联grouporiented contingency

131幼儿园教育纲要Guideline of Education at Kindergarten

132保育所的保育方针Guidelines of Nursing for（Day） Nursery Center

H

135障碍者职业中心handicapped person occupation center

136发育健康检查1岁半、3岁幼儿等/5岁幼儿健康检查Health examinations of infants

137高功能自闭症high functioning autism

138家务助理home helper

139多动性hyperactivity

140感觉过敏hypersensitivity tendencies

I

145伊利诺斯心理语言能力测验（ITPA）Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities

146模仿训练imitation training

147扩充模仿imitation with expansion

148随机教学incidental teaching

149融合inclusion

150育成会（手牵手家长会）Inclusion Japan

151个别教育支持计划（IEP）individualized educational program

152个别衔接支持计划（ITP）individualized transition plan

153归纳推理inductive reasoning

154智力障碍intellectual disability

157智商（IQ）intelligence quotient

158ICD10（国际疾病分类第10版）International Classification of Diseases and Causes of Death（10th ed.）

160时段记录法interval recording

J

165日本智力障碍者协会Japanese Association on Intellectual Disability

166就业辅导员job coach

167共同注意joint attention

K

171肯纳Kanner，Leo

172KABC（KaufmanAssessment Battery for Children）

L

175LD（学习障碍）learning disability／difficulty

176汉字学习困难learning disability of “Kanji”

177休闲技能训练Leisure skill training

178边缘系统limbic system

180洛瓦茨Lovaas， Ole Ivar

M

183请求行为mand

184请求语言示范法mandmodel method

185请求语言/叙述语言Mand／Tact

186样本匹配matchingtosample

187发展性计算障碍mathmatics disorder／developmental dyscalculia

188盐酸哌甲酯methylphenidate

189情境教学Milieu Teaching

190示范modeling

191自闭症儿童筛查表—修订版Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers

192宏观方法/微观方法molecular approach/molar approach

193独语monology

194心境障碍mood disorders

195多基线设计multiple baseline design

N

199旷课nonattendance at school

200去甲肾上腺素noradrenalin

201正常化normalization

202数概念number concepts

O

207一一对应onetoone correspondence

208操作性条件反射operant conditioning

209操作性反应技术operant technique

211过度修正法overcorrection method

212大胁式智力测验Owaki Intelligence Test

P

217恐慌panic

217育儿期支持事业parentingsupport projects

218学究式想法pedantry

219同一性持续（相同性持续）perseveration of sameness

220广泛性发育障碍pervasive developmental disorder

221异食pica

223图卡交换式沟通系统（PECS）Picture Exchange Communication System

224关键性技能训练法（PRT）pivotal response treatments： PRT

225语用学pragmatics

225前语言沟通preverbal communication

226应用题解答困难processing difficulties of problem solving

228就业持续支持工程A型、B型project to support continuation of work（type A／B）

229辅助提示prompt

230辅助提示消退法prompt fading

231韵律prosody

232精神病社会工作者psychiatric social worker

233精神活性药物psychoactive drugs

Q

239行为治疗师qualified behavioral therapist

240QOL（生活质量）Quality of Life

R

243感受性语言障碍receptive language disorders

243强化与弱化reinforcement and punishment

244资源教室resource room

245应答性条件反射respondent conditioning

247应答性反应技术respondent technique

249反应代价response cost

250Rett综合征Retts disorder

251仪式化行为ritualistic behavior

251路特Rutter， Michael

S

255图式理论schema theory

256精神分裂症schizophrenia

257校内委员会School committee for students with difficulty of school attending

258选择性缄默症selective mutism

259触觉防御selfdefense against being touched

260自伤行为self injurious behavior

261自我管理selfmanagement

262自我刺激行为self stimulating behavior

263血清胺（5羟色胺、血管收缩素）serotonin

264障碍者自立支持法Services and Supports for Person with Disabilities Act

265重度行为障碍severe behavior disorder

266塑造shaping

267情绪障碍儿童短期治疗机构shortterm treatment institution for emotionally disturbed children

268手势语sign language

269模拟训练simulation training

270睡眠障碍（失眠）sleep disorders

271小步子程序法small step

272社会能力测试social competence test

274SST（社会技能训练）social skill training

276社会故事法TMSocial StoriesTM

277社会工作者（社会福利工作者）social worker

278特别支援学校（特殊学校）special needs education school

279特别支援班（特殊班）special support classes

280特别支援教育协调员special support education coordinator

281言语治疗师speechlanguagehearing therapist／speech therapist

282刻板行为stereotyped behavior

283刺激等效性stimulus equivalence

284刺激的过度选择性stimulus over selectivity

285支持手册support book

286发育障碍者支持中心support center for autism and pervasive developmental disorders

287社区疗育支持中心support center for children with disabilities

288福利机构外的支持与就业supporting work and employing to outside of institution

289系统脱敏疗法systematic desensitization

T

295任务分析task analysis

296分组教学team teaching

297儿童福利法The Child Welfare Law

298日本自闭症谱系学会The Japanese Academy of Autistic Spectrum

299心理理论Theory of Mind

300三项相倚threetermcontingency

301延时法timedelay procedure

302隔离法timeout

303时间样本记录法time sampling recording

304脉冲、反闪现象timeslip／flash back

305代币制token economy

306自上而下法topdown approach

307就业衔接支持工程transition support for employment

308结构化教学法（TEACCH）Treatment and Education for Autistic and related Communication Handicapped Children

309就业试验trial employment

V

313视空认知（视觉空间认知）visuospacial cognition

314排泄指导voiding training

W

317韦氏成人智力量表第三版（WAISⅢ）Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale（Third Edition）

318韦氏儿童智力量表第四版（WISCⅣ）Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children（Fourth Edition）

319韦氏儿童智力量表第三版（WISCⅢ）Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children（Third Edition）

321韦氏学龄前儿童智力量表（WPPSI）Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence

322洛娜温Wing， Lorna

324人名索引

326用语索引

本书从属于由杨福义教授主编的“特殊教育系列丛书”系列，原书主编为日本筑波大学名誉教授小林重雄，译者为日本筑波大学裴虹等。本书共收录了63名执笔人撰写的有关自闭症教育的235条用语。为活跃在自闭症教育一线的教师、家长和自闭症关护机构的工作人员提供解决在教育训练中遇到的实际困难和问题时，方便其随时查询的一本有用而简便的百科辞典。 

就自闭症的基本障碍特性的理解，自闭症儿童的特性、能力、技能、行为倾向等的评估与观察方法，对其进行教育的基本原理、方法，以及自闭症儿童教育的注意事项等，进行了广泛、简明、易懂的解说。该百科辞典简便、易查，能够及时、准确地为自闭症儿童教育专业人员提供必要的知识、方法，解决遇到的难题，是自闭症儿童教育专业人员的书籍，具有出版价值。

小林重雄

日本的自闭症之父，日本行动疗法的创始人。原筑波大学心身障碍学教授，退休后被授予为筑波大学名誉教授，毕生从事以自闭症为中心的发育障碍儿童的行为疗法的研究与实践，出版大量的以自闭症以及发展性障碍儿童的教育干预为中心的特殊教育著作。

开发了自闭症教育的山形模式和筑波模式，在筑波大学开创了自闭症与发育障碍儿童的临床实践课程，培养了一大批自闭症教育专家，为日韩等国培养输送了一大批自闭症临床教育专家。他为日本乃至世界的自闭症教育鞠躬尽瘁，贡献出毕生的精力。由于教育业绩出色，2015年高龄79岁的小林教授荣获日本国家春天叙勋瑞宝中绶章的荣誉。